Before entering into the concepts of economic development, it is necessary to clarify some terms. Whereas growth occurs automatically, while development occurs as a result of forces and actions aimed at change.

Economic development is generally defined as the process through which comprehensive and continuous change occurs, accompanied by an increase in average real income, an improvement in the distribution of income in favor of the poor class, an improvement in the quality of life and structural change. Production. According to this definition, development contains a number of elements, the most important of which are:

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       There has been an improvement in the distribution of income in favor of the class poor people and alleviating the phenomenon of poverty.

       The need for improvement in the quality of goods and services provided For individuals.

The goals of economic development are to increase national income, raise the standard of living of people, and reduce the internal gap, while modifying the structure of the national economy for the benefit of the industry and trade sector. These goals are, in fact, a solution to the problems resulting from the basic characteristics represented by the economies of poor countries, which are countries that produce raw materials, some of which are exhaustible. There is no doubt that financing development is a societal issue, even if the largest share of bearing its burden falls on the countries. If individuals and institutions have roles to undertake and duties to adhere to, then states, with the powers they possess, can coordinate between roles and levels, through their legislative frameworks and binding tools.

Most economists agree that accumulating real capital (resulting from savings) is one of the most important sources of financing economic development. This requires an increase in national savings, with the presence of a financial and credit system that enables the investor to obtain resources and then start investing. Foreign direct investments are divided into public investments, which are from governments, and private investments, which are from sectors, companies, and private institutions in countries. Here the importance of export appears, because export is of utmost importance in the economy of any country. Some economists consider it a societal issue that imposes itself on the economic paths of those societies, because export, in addition to its financing role in the field of economic development, is of great importance related to the success of the development process. #333333;">Official international grants and donations also play an important role in development programs, as they are one of the necessary sources of funding for those programs, especially for countries that are less able to attract direct private investment.

Second: Preserving natural and environmental resources. 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Sakkal Majalla'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #333333;"> For the sake of future generations, by finding economically viable solutions to reduce resource consumption, stop pollution, and preserve natural resources, as the issue of development, in its various concepts, is of great importance at the global level. Recently, there has been an increasing international interest in the need for sustainable development to achieve a sustainable future, after the world was heading towards a group of potential human and environmental disasters. Global warming, environmental degradation, increasing population growth and poverty, loss of biological diversity, expanding desertification, and other environmental problems mentioned in the first chapter are not separate from the problems of human well-being nor from the process of economic development in general, as many of the current forms of development are limited to the environmental resources on which the world depends. The close connection between environment and development led to the emergence of the concept of sustainable development.